Microfracture is a surgical procedure used to treat a condition called osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), which involves the detachment of a piece of cartilage and underlying bone from the joint surface, typically in the knee. Here's a brief overview of microfracture for OCD:

• Indication: Microfracture is typically used when the cartilage defect in the joint is relatively small, and the patient is experiencing pain and limited joint function due to the damaged cartilage.
• Procedure: During the microfracture procedure, the surgeon will access the affected joint, usually the knee, through arthroscopy (minimally invasive surgery). They will then create small holes (microfractures) in the exposed bone just below the damaged cartilage.
• Purpose: The purpose of these microfractures is to stimulate the formation of a blood clot within the joint, which contains cells that can develop into new cartilage-like tissue.
• Healing Process: Over time, the body's natural healing processes encourage the growth of fibrocartilage, which fills the cartilage defect. While fibrocartilage is not as strong or durable as the original hyaline cartilage, it can help improve joint function and reduce pain.
• Postoperative Care: Following microfracture surgery, patients typically undergo a rehabilitation program that includes physical therapy to strengthen the joint and improve mobility. Weight-bearing restrictions and activity limitations are often imposed to protect the healing joint.